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777. Problem 52.23 (RHK) In the alkali metals there is one electron outside a
closed shell. Using the Bohr theory, we have to calculate (a)
the effective charge number of the nucleus as seen by the valence electron in
sodium (ionization energy
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) and
potassium (ionization energy
). (b)
For each element, we have to find what fraction is this of the actual nuclear
charge Z?|
Solution: Click For PDF Version (a) and (b) The electronic configuration of the lowest energy state of
the
We note that the valence electron of the
The electronic configuration of the lowest energy state of
the
We note that the valence electron of the
Let the effective charge that the valence electron sees be
As the ionization energy of the
As the actual nuclear charge of
As the ionization energy of the
As the actual nuclear charge of
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atom is
.
.
atom is
.
.
. In the
Bohr model of atom the energy of the state with principal quantum number
of an electron in the Coulomb field of effective charge
.
It is given by 
, the
fraction of the actual charge that the valence electron of the
, its
effective charge will be
, the
fraction of the actual charge that the valence electron of the